Declaration Date: The Emergency was declared on June 25, 1975, by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
Duration: Lasted 21 months, from June 25, 1975, to March 21, 1977.
Reason: Officially cited threats to national security, but widely seen as a response to political opposition.
Civil Rights: Suspension of civil liberties, including freedom of speech, press, and assembly.
Political Arrests: Thousands of opposition leaders and activists were arrested without trial.
Press Censorship: Strict censorship imposed on the media, limiting freedom of the press.
Constitutional Changes: Amendments made to the Constitution to enhance executive powers and limit judicial review.
Public Response: Widespread protests and dissent, leading to eventual lifting of the Emergency and elections.