Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has unveiled his new cabinet with former Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland now tasked with handling Canada's internal divisions.
His government faces the threat of a national unity crisis amid a growing sense of alienation in Alberta and Saskatchewan. His Liberal Party retained power in October's election but lost 20 seats.
Mr Trudeau now has the challenge of governing with a minority.
Speaking after the swearing-in ceremony on Wednesday, the prime minister praised Ms Freeland's work on renegotiating the North American Free Trade Agreement with the US and Mexico.
The former journalist, 51, was moved to intergovernmental affairs, and will now act as the government's point person to deal with the provinces. She was also named deputy prime minister and will help shepherd the trade agreement through the ratification process, which is facing resistance in the US Congress.
Mr Trudeau said their efforts together on "very difficult negotiation with her American counterparts should enable us to deliver on issues like energy and environment in particular".
The Liberals were shut out of Canada's energy heartland, Alberta and Saskatchewan, where there is growing talk of separation. There is a sense that the west's interests are not represented in the capital of Ottawa and frustration with the government's pipeline and environment policies.
Ms Freeland will work closely with former trade minister Jim Carr, who will serve as a special representative for Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba to ensure the region has "a strong voice in Ottawa", the prime minister's office said.
What are some of the other big changes?
Francois-Philippe Champagne will replace Ms Freeland as Canada's top diplomat. He formerly held the international trade and infrastructure portfolios.
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Catherine McKenna, one of Mr Trudeau's more prominent ministers after spending four years in the environmental portfolio, was moved to infrastructure. She is being replaced by former fisheries minister Jonathan Wilkinson.
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MP Marc Miller is a new face in cabinet, taking over the indigenous services portfolio. The non-indigenous politician made headlines two years ago when he delivered a statement in the House of Commons in the Mohawk language, which he had spent a year trying to learn.
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A number of ministers kept their portfolios, including Finance Minister Bill Morneau.
Some key moves and fresh faces:
Chrystia Freeland from foreign affairs to intergovernmental affairs
Catherine McKenna from environment to infrastructure
Francois-Philippe Champagne from infrastructure to foreign affairs
Jonathan Wilkinson from fisheries to environment
Ahmed Hussen from immigration to families and social development
Seamus O'Regan from indigenous services to natural resources
Bill Blair from border security to public safety
Mary Ng from small business to international trade
Marco Mendicino appointed to immigration
Steven Guilbeault appointed to heritage
Here Is The Full List of Trudeau New Cabinet:
Chrystia Freeland becomes Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs
Anita Anand becomes Minister of Public Services and Procurement
Navdeep Bains becomes Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry
Carolyn Bennett remains Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations
Marie-Claude Bibeau remains Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food
Bill Blair becomes Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness
Bardish Chagger becomes Minister of Diversity and Inclusion and Youth
François-Philippe Champagne becomes Minister of Foreign Affairs
Jean-Yves Duclos becomes President of the Treasury Board
Mona Fortier becomes Minister of Middle-Class Prosperity and Associate Minister of Finance
Marc Garneau remains Minister of Transport
Karina Gould becomes Minister of International Development
Steven Guilbeault becomes Minister of Canadian Heritage
Patty Hajdu becomes Minister of Health
Ahmed Hussen becomes Minister of Families, Children and Social Development
Mélanie Joly becomes Minister of Economic Development and Official Languages
Bernadette Jordan becomes Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard
David Lametti remains Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada
Dominic LeBlanc becomes President of the Queen Privy Council for Canada
Diane Lebouthillier remains Minister of National Revenue
Lawrence MacAulay remains Minister of Veterans Affairs and Associate Minister of National Defence
Catherine McKenna becomes Minister of Infrastructure and Communities
Marco E. L. Mendicino becomes Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship
Marc Miller becomes Minister of Indigenous Services
Maryam Monsef becomes Minister for Women and Gender Equality and Rural Economic Development
Bill Morneau remains Minister of Finance
Joyce Murray becomes Minister of Digital Government
Mary Ng becomes Minister of Small Business, Export Promotion and International Trade
Seamus O’Regan becomes Minister of Natural Resources
Carla Qualtrough becomes Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Disability Inclusion
Pablo Rodriguez becomes Leader of the Government in the House of Commons
Harjit Sajjan remains Minister of National Defence
Deb Schulte becomes Minister of Seniors
Filomena Tassi becomes Minister of Labour
Dan Vandal becomes Minister of Northern Affairs
Jonathan Wilkinson becomes Minister of Environment and Climate Change
The Government of Canada represents Canadians in every part of the country. That is why the Prime Minister has asked Jim Carr to serve as his special representative for the Prairies. Born and raised in Winnipeg, he will ensure that the people of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba have a strong voice in Ottawa.
Pablo Rodriguez will be assuming the responsibility of Quebec Lieutenant.
Canadians expect their Parliamentarians to work together on their behalf. Under the leadership of Government House Leader Pablo Rodriguez, the following team will work with all parties to make progress on the priorities that matter most to Canadians:
Kirsty Duncan will serve as Deputy Leader of the Government in the House of Commons
Mark Holland will serve as Chief Government Whip
Ginette Petitpas Taylor will serve as Deputy Government Whip
Kevin Lamoureux will serve as Parliamentary Secretary to the Leader of the Government in the House of Commons